An Examination of the Role of Primary Healthcare Nurses in Detecting and Managing High Cholesterol Levels in Ekiti State
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Background of the Study
High cholesterol is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which remain the leading cause of mortality globally (Olayemi et al., 2023). In Nigeria, there has been an increase in the incidence of high cholesterol, particularly among adults, largely due to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, and genetic predisposition (Adebayo et al., 2024). Primary healthcare nurses are often the first healthcare professionals to interact with individuals at risk for CVDs, including those with elevated cholesterol levels, especially in rural and underserved areas like Ekiti State. They play a crucial role in the early detection and management of high cholesterol through routine screening, patient education, and the promotion of lifestyle changes (Olowe et al., 2023).
While many studies have explored the role of healthcare professionals in managing cardiovascular diseases, the specific contributions of primary healthcare nurses in the detection and management of high cholesterol in Nigeria remain under-researched. In Ekiti State, where there is a high prevalence of preventable risk factors for CVDs, understanding the role of nurses in managing high cholesterol is vital for improving public health outcomes. This study aims to examine how primary healthcare nurses in Ekiti State contribute to the detection, management, and education surrounding high cholesterol levels among the local population.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the known benefits of early detection and management of high cholesterol in preventing cardiovascular diseases, there is limited research on the role of primary healthcare nurses in this regard, particularly in Ekiti State. The ability of nurses to effectively screen, educate, and manage patients with high cholesterol could significantly influence the prevalence of CVDs in the state. However, without a thorough understanding of the current practices and challenges faced by nurses in this role, effective interventions cannot be developed. This study seeks to fill this gap by examining how primary healthcare nurses in Ekiti State detect and manage high cholesterol levels.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the role of primary healthcare nurses in detecting high cholesterol levels in Ekiti State.
2. To examine the management practices used by primary healthcare nurses to address high cholesterol levels in Ekiti State.
3. To identify the challenges faced by primary healthcare nurses in managing high cholesterol levels.
Research Questions
1. What role do primary healthcare nurses play in detecting high cholesterol levels in Ekiti State?
2. What management practices do primary healthcare nurses use to address high cholesterol levels in Ekiti State?
3. What challenges do primary healthcare nurses encounter in managing high cholesterol levels in Ekiti State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Primary healthcare nurses in Ekiti State do not significantly contribute to the detection of high cholesterol levels.
2. There is no significant difference in the management practices of primary healthcare nurses regarding high cholesterol levels in Ekiti State.
3. Challenges faced by primary healthcare nurses significantly hinder the management of high cholesterol levels in Ekiti State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on primary healthcare nurses in Ekiti State and their role in detecting and managing high cholesterol. Limitations may include regional differences in the implementation of care, variability in nurse training, and difficulties in obtaining accurate cholesterol measurements in a primary healthcare setting.
Definitions of Terms
• Primary Healthcare Nurses: Nurses working in primary healthcare settings who are responsible for providing basic health services and preventive care.
• High Cholesterol: Elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
• Management Practices: Approaches and strategies used by healthcare professionals to reduce and control high cholesterol, including lifestyle changes and medication.
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